Liquid-crystal display device and electronic equipment

ABSTRACT

Color layers R, G, and B of a color filter are arranged in a delta pattern. A data line ( 212 ) for applying a voltage to the sub-pixels is connected, through TFD ( 220 ), to pixel electrodes ( 234 ) of the sub-pixels respectively corresponding to the three colors in a fixed order in a periodic pattern, and pixel electrodes ( 234 ) commonly connected to a single data line ( 212 ) are arranged to the same side of the data line ( 212 ). The potential of the sub-pixels for a particular color are equally influenced by the potential of the sub-pixels of other colors.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a liquid-crystal display device havingsub-pixels thereof, corresponding to three different colors and arrangedin a delta pattern, and to electronic equipment incorporating theliquid-crystal display device.

BACKGROUND ART

Liquid-crystal display devices find widespread use in electronicequipment, such as small computers, digital cameras, and portabletelephones. Such a liquid-crystal display device typically includes apair of opposing substrates with a liquid crystal encapsulatedtherebetween, and electrodes formed on each of opposing surfaces of thesubstrates. The two electrodes and the liquid crystal sandwichedtherebetween constitute pixels arranged in a matrix. When a voltage isselectively applied across the electrodes constituting the pixel, theliquid crystal changes its alignment, controlling the quantity of lighttransmitted therethrough, and thereby presenting a dot.

To present a color display in the liquid-crystal display device, onepixel is divided into three sub-pixels respectively corresponding to theprimary colors of R (red), G (green), and B (blue). These sub-pixelsplaced in a predetermined pattern are arranged in a matrix. The coloringof each sub-pixel is typically performed through a color filter formedon one of the substrates.

Known as the arrangements of the color sub-pixels, i.e., the arrangementof color layers in the color filter in the liquid-crystal display deviceare an RGB stripe pattern shown in FIG. 15, an RGB mosaic pattern shownin FIG. 16, an RGGB mosaic pattern shown in FIG. 17, and an RGB deltapattern shown in FIG. 18. In these figures, “R”, “G”, and “B” representcolors provided by respective sub-pixels. Specifically, “R” representsred, “G” represents green, and “B” represents blue.

The RGB stripe pattern shown in FIG. 15, also called a trio pattern, isuseful for presenting a data display for texts and lines. The resolutionthereof is lower than those of other patterns.

The RGB mosaic pattern shown in FIG. 16 presents a difference in displayquality between a rightward rising slant line and a leftward risingslant line, thereby generally presenting slant line noise over an entireimage. Particularly, when the number of sub-pixels is small, the noisebecomes conspicuous.

The RGGB mosaic pattern shown in FIG. 17 is said to present a highresolution because the number of “G” sub-pixels providing a highvisibility is large. But the score through subjective assessment testsis not necessarily high. Furthermore, if a viewing distance is small,the coarseness of an image stands out, because the number of “B” and “R”sub-pixels is small.

The RGB delta pattern shown in FIG. 18 presents a horizontal resolution1.5 times as good as that of the RGB mosaic pattern. The RGB deltapattern shown in FIG. 18 is said to have a drawback in the presentationof the outline of an image, compared with the RGGB mosaic pattern,because of a poor slant component of the resolution thereof. However,the subjective assessment tests give the highest score to the RGB deltapattern.

Given the same density of the sub-pixels, the comparison of the patternsshows that the RGB delta pattern providing a high horizontal resolutionis considered as an adequate pattern for resulting in a high-definitionand high-quality image.

The following two wiring patterns are known to connect sub-pixels toconductor lines (such as data lines or scanning lines) for driving thesub-pixels in the RGB delta pattern. Specifically, there are two wiringpatterns: a wiring pattern (hereinafter referred to as a type 1) inwhich a single data line 212 is connected to the pixel electrodes 234 oftwo colors of the three sub-pixels of the three RGB colors as shown inFIG. 19, and a wiring pattern (hereinafter referred to as a type 2) inwhich each line is connected to the pixel electrode 234 of only a singlecolor sub-pixel of the three RGB color sub-pixels as shown in FIG. 20.In these figures, the conductor line is a data line. As shown, a shortline 220d, connecting each data line 212 to each pixel electrode 234,represents an active element, such as a TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) or aTFD (Thin-Film Diode).

In the type 1 wiring pattern (see FIG. 19), among the two sub-pixels fortwo colors sharing one data line 212, a variation in the potential ofthe sub-pixel for one color is affected by the potential of thesub-pixel for the other color. For this reason, a so-called verticalcross-talk occurs, and as a result, streak-like non-uniformity (sujimurain Japanese) occurs in a display screen. The display quality is thusdegraded.

This problem is resolved by adopting the type 2 wiring pattern (see FIG.20) in which one data line 212 handles one color. In the type 2 wiringpattern, however, if the potential of a data line 212 adjacent to agiven sub-pixel varies, the potential of that sub-pixel also varies. Forthis reason, a so-called horizontal cross-talk occurs, creating a streaknon-uniformity, and leading to a degradation in the display quality.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid-crystaldisplay device which achieves a high display quality by preventing thestreak non-uniformity in the display screen arising from the verticalcross-talk and the streak non-uniformity in the display screen arisingfrom the horizontal cross-talk, and to provide electronic equipmentincorporating the liquid-crystal display device.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The streak non-uniformity is first discussed in detail before discussingthe present invention.

Specifically, the streak non-uniformity in the display screen, arisingfrom the vertical cross-talk in the type 1 wiring pattern shown in FIG.19, is a phenomenon, which is that a dark row and a light rowalternately occur every other row, when a single color pattern (solidpattern) of cyan, magenta, or yellow, i.e., respectively complementarycolor of “R”, “G”, or “B” is presented.

Now discussed is the liquid-crystal display device in a normally whitemode with a white display (off) presented with no voltage applied. Whena cyan display is presented, an “R” sub-pixel is in black (on), and a“G” sub-pixel and a “B” sub-pixel are in white (off). Data needs to bewritten to the “R” sub-pixels only.

In the type 1 wiring pattern, the data line is 212{circle around (1)} isconnected to the pixel electrodes 234 of the “R”0 and “G” sub-pixels,the data line 212{circle around (2)} is connected to the pixelelectrodes 234 of the “G” and “B” sub-pixels, and the data line212{circle around (3)} is connected to the pixel electrodes 234 of the“B” and “R” sub-pixels.

The pixel electrode 234 of the “G” sub-pixel in the even rows areconnected to the data line 212{circle around (1)} only. When data iswritten to the “R” sub-pixels in the odd rows through the data line212{circle around (1)}, a difference between the potential of the “G”sub-pixels connected to the data line 212{circle around (1)} and thepotential of the data line 212{circle around (1)} becomes large. Forthis reason, the potential of the “G” sub-pixels in the even rows ispulled to the writing potential to the “R” sub-pixels as shown in FIG.21{circle around (1)}. This is one type of vertical cross-talks.

Since the pixel electrodes 234 of the “G” sub-pixels in the odd rows areconnected to only the data line 212{circle around (2)} while the dataline 212{circle around (2)} is not connected to the “R” sub-pixels, adifference between the potential of the “G” sub-pixels connected to thedata line 212{circle around (2)} and the potential of the data line212{circle around (2)} remains small. For this reason, the potential ofthe “G” sub-pixels is almost unaffected by the writing voltage to the“R” sub-pixels as shown in FIG. 21{circle around (2)}.

As a result, the root-mean-square value of the voltage applied to the“G” sub-pixels in the even rows becomes lower than the root-mean-squarevalue of the voltage applied to the “G” sub-pixels in the odd rows. Thisleads to a phenomenon in which the “G” sub-pixels in the even rows arelight while the “G” sub-pixels in the odd rows are dark. The samephenomenon occurs in the “B” sub-pixels as shown in FIG. 21{circlearound (3)}, in which the “B” sub-pixels in the even rows are dark whilethe “B” sub-pixels in the odd rows are light.

The light and dark portions alternate every row, causing the streaknon-uniformity. The same is true when the yellow display and the magentadisplay are presented. The streak non-uniformity occurs with the odd rowand the even row being dark and light.

FIG. 21{circle around (1)}, FIG. 21{circle around (2)}, and FIG.21{circle around (3)} respectively show the potentials of video signalsof the data lines 212{circle around (1)}, 212{circle around (2)}, and212{circle around (3)} shown in FIG. 19 with the abscissa representingtime, when a cyan solid pattern is presented. Although voltagemodulation is applied to the video signal as shown, the same isconceptually true of a pulse width modulation (PWM), which is a standarddriving method in the liquid-crystal display device employing TFD.

The vertical cross-talk is created because a single data line 212 isconnected to the pixel electrodes 234 for the two color sub-pixels. Sucha vertical cross-talk must be eliminated by adopting the type 2 wiringpattern shown in FIG. 20.

However, the type 2 wiring pattern has its own problem, i.e., the streaknon-uniformity caused by the horizontal cross-talk. This problem is morepronounced when one of the complementary colors of “R”, “G”, and “B”(i.e., cyan, magenta, and yellow) is presented. Specifically, the streaknon-uniformity attributed to the horizontal cross-talk is the phenomenonthat the “G” sub-pixels in the odd rows are lighter than the “G”sub-pixels in the even rows while the “R” sub-pixels in the even rowsare lighter than the “R” sub-pixels in the odd rows, when a yellowdisplay is presented with the “B” sub-pixel in black (on) and the “R”and “G” sub-pixels in white (off) as shown in FIG. 20.

The inventors of this invention have studied the wiring pattern, andhave observed that the streak non-uniformity attributed to thehorizontal cross-talk is the phenomenon that the sub-pixels, surroundedby the data line 212{circle around (5)} (the data line connected to “B”sub-pixels) working to present a black display (namely, the “G”sub-pixels in the odd rows and the “R” sub-pixels in the even rows) arelight while the sub-pixels surrounded by the data lines 212{circlearound (4)}) and 212{circle around (6)} not working to present a blackdisplay (namely, the “G” sub-pixels in the even rows and the “R”sub-pixels in the odd rows) are dark.

A macroscopical observation of the phenomenon shows that alternatelyappearing light vertical lines (GRGR) and dark vertical lines (RGRG) arerecognized as vertical streaks. The inventors have also observed thatthe sub-pixels, surrounded by a data line working to write black data,appear light while the sub-pixels surrounded by a data line not workingto write black data appear dark when the display color is changed to acyan display (with the “R” sub-pixels in black) or a magenta display(with the “G” sub-pixels in black). Depending on the pitch of thesub-pixels, the same phenomenon can be recognized as a horizontalstreak.

To further study the phenomenon, the inventors has measured the VTcurves (voltage-transmittance characteristics) of the sub-pixel ofinterest with the conditions of the sub-pixels surrounding the sub-pixelof interest varied. FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 show the measurement results.FIG. 22 shows an off (white) waveform measured at a “G” sub-pixelpositioned in an even row, and FIG. 23 shows an on (black) waveformmeasured at a “G” sub-pixel in an even row. These two figures show thevariations in the waveforms of the “G” sub-pixels which are measuredwhen the “R” sub-pixels and the “B” sub-pixels, adjacent to the “G”sub-pixels of interest, are changed between on (black) and off (white)displays.

From the VT curve shown in these figures, the voltage applied to the “G”sub-pixels in the even row tends to shift to a high voltage sideregardless of the white or black state of the “B” sub-pixels, when the“R” sub-pixels are in black. When the “R” sub-pixels are in white, thevoltage of the “G” sub-pixels tends to shift to a low voltage side. Thistendency is pronounced in the off (white) waveforms shown in FIG. 22.This shift in optical characteristics agrees with the phenomenonobserved through the naked eye. When V50 values (i.e., the voltage at atransmittance of 50%) are compared under conditions of R: white/B: whiteand R: black/B: black, a difference of 1.4 V is noticed in FIG. 22, anda difference of 1.8 V is noticed in FIG. 23.

These measurement results suggest that the wiring for driving a certainsub-pixel for one color (for instance, an “R” sub-pixel), routed arounda sub-pixel (for instance, a “G” sub-pixel) adjacent to the “R”sub-pixel, creates a parasitic capacitance, causing a variation in theratio of effective capacitances, and thereby leading to a shift of thevoltage applied to the sub-pixel.

Referring to FIGS. 22 and 23, the reason why the VT curve of the “G”sub-pixels in the even row is controlled by the light state of the “R”sub-pixels is that a data line 212{circle around (6)} connected to the“R” sub-pixel is chiefly capacitively coupled with the “G” sub-pixels,and the voltage variation affects the voltage applied to the “G”sub-pixels. Since the lightness of the sub-pixel is affected from thesub-pixel adjacent thereto in row, this phenomenon is called ahorizontal cross-talk.

When the wirings on the element side are data lines and the electrodeson the opposing substrate side (i.e., the color filter side) arescanning lines in the liquid-crystal display device employing TFD as anactive element, a data line for driving one sub-pixel is present to oneof the right and the left of the sub-pixel, and a data line for drivinga sub-pixel for another color is present to the other of the right andthe left of the sub-pixel. The horizontal cross-talk can thereforedevelop not only in the delta pattern but also in other patterns, suchas a mosaic pattern and a stripe pattern.

The inventors have measured the VT curve for a sub-pixel in aliquid-crystal display device having color sub-pixels arranged in amosaic pattern, given the same number and pitch of sub-pixels. Theinventors have certainly observed that the voltage shift takes place asin the same way as in the delta pattern. The streak non-uniformity,which is observed as a serious problem in the delta pattern, is notproblematic in the mosaic pattern. This is because there is no cleardistinction between the odd rows and the even rows in the mosaicpattern, and the entire mosaic pattern is uniformly affected. Thehorizontal cross-talk therefore becomes conspicuous as a problem uniqueto the delta pattern.

In other words, the horizontal cross-talk observed in the delta patternin the type 2 wiring pattern is basically unrelated to the arrangementof the color sub-pixels. The effect of the horizontal cross-talk, ifuniformly distributed over the color sub-pixels, is not considered as aproblem in the display. It is important that the colors of thesub-pixels driven by a wiring coupled with the sub-pixels be notalternated each row. Even if the effect of the horizontal cross-talk isuniform over all sub-pixels, the type 1 wiring pattern possiblypresenting the vertical cross-talk as already discussed cannot beadopted.

In this situation, the inventors have studied a new wiring pattern inwhich the three color sub-pixels of “R”, “G”, and “B” are connected to asingle data line in a delta pattern. We have contemplated three types,i.e., type 3 shown in FIG. 24, a type 4 shown in FIG. 25, and a type 5shown in FIG. 1. We have assessed the degree of influence of coupling onthe sub-pixel in each of the three types of the wiring patterns. FIG. 5shows the assessment results.

In the assessment results, the degree of influence is “2” when the pixelelectrode of a sub-pixel of interest is surrounded on half of the foursides thereof, “1.5” when the pixel electrode is surrounded in an Lconfiguration of sides thereof, and “1” when a straight line (one sideonly) thereof is surrounded. Also in the assessment results, theinfluence of a data line (left line), positioned left to the pixelelectrode of the sub-pixel of interest, is minus, while the influence ofa data line (right line), positioned right thereto is plus. Alsoexamined is not only a difference (range) between the minimum value andthe maximum value of the degree of influence but also a maximumvariation in the degree of influence during scanning period of adjacentsub-pixels.

In the type 3 wiring pattern shown in FIG. 24 and the type 4 wiringpattern shown in FIG. 25, the colors of sub-pixels driven by a data linecoupled with the sub-pixels of one color change every six rows and arenot desirable in view of the horizontal cross-talk, for the same reasonwhy the type 2 wiring pattern (see FIG. 19) is not desirable.

The type 5 wiring pattern shown in FIG. 1 is most desirable in view ofthe assessment results of the degree of coupling influence and from thestandpoint of prevention of the creation of cross-talk. A firstinvention relates to a liquid-crystal display device having sub-pixelsrespectively corresponding to three different colors and arranged in atriangular configuration. A conductor line for applying a voltage tothese sub-pixels is connected to pixel electrodes of the sub-pixels forthe three colors in a predetermined order in a periodic pattern, whilepixel electrodes commonly connected to a single conductor line arearranged on the same side of the conductor line. In this arrangement,any given sub-pixel is connected to one of two conductor lines on bothsides thereof, and each sub-pixel is coupled with the conductor line ononly the other side thereof. When the same color sub-pixels in each roware observed, the colors of the sub-pixels driven by the data linecoupled with the sub-pixels remain the same in each row. Since theeffect of the horizontal cross-talk is uniform over all sub-pixels, theliquid-crystal display device is free from the streak non-uniformity andpresents an excellent display quality.

In accordance with the first invention, the configuration of theconductor line surrounding the pixel electrode is different from row torow. If the distance between the conductor line and the pixel electrodeadjacent thereto remains equal among rows, the coupling capacitancebetween the conductor line and the pixel electrode becomes differentfrom row to row. In the first invention, the conductor line is a dataline, and as the length of a portion of the data line extending alongthe pixel electrode gets longer, the distance between the data line andthe pixel is preferably longer, or the data line is preferably narrowerin width. In this arrangement, the coupling capacitance between the dataline and the pixel electrode adjacent thereto is made uniform, and adisplay free from the streak non-uniformity thus results.

In accordance with the first invention, considering that the number ofcolors employed for the delta pattern is “3”, the conductor lines arepreferably connected to the pixel electrodes in a pattern which isperiodically repeated with a multiple of six pixel electrodes.

In accordance with the first invention, the conductor line is preferablyconnected to the pixel electrode via an active element, and the activeelement is preferably fabricated of a thin-film diode having aconductor/insulator/conductor structure. With the active element, thesub-pixel to be on and the sub-pixel to be off are electrically isolatedfrom each other. A uniform display image is thus obtained even when isused the thin-film diode, as the active element, which has difficultyforming a storage capacitor in parallel with the pixel electrode.

A second invention to achieve the above-described object relates toelectronic equipment incorporating a liquid-crystal display devicehaving sub-pixels respectively corresponding to three different colorsand arranged in a triangular configuration. A conductor line forapplying a voltage to these sub-pixels is connected to pixel electrodesof the sub-pixels for the three colors in a predetermined order in aperiodic pattern, while pixel electrodes commonly connected to a singleconductor line are arranged to the same side of the conductor line. Theelectronic equipment presents a good display free from the streaknon-uniformity.

A third invention to achieve the above-described object relates to aliquid-crystal display device having sub-pixels respectivelycorresponding to three different colors arranged in a triangularconfiguration. Conductor line for applying a voltage to these sub-pixelshas uniform parasitic capacitances thereof with the pixel electrodes ofthe sub-pixels.

Contemplated first to make uniform the parasitic capacitances with theelectrodes of the sub-pixels is the arrangement in which the pixelelectrode is surrounded by the conductor line connected thereto. In thisarrangement, the data line coupled with the pixel electrode is only theone connected to the pixel electrode. In view of the uniform parasiticcapacitance only, this arrangement is most desirable.

Contemplated second to make uniform the parasitic capacitances with theelectrodes of the sub-pixels is the arrangement in which the peripheryof the pixel electrode, other than a side facing an adjacent conductorline, is surrounded by the conductor line connected thereto with aspacing having a generally constant width thereacross. Although theliquid-crystal display device has one side of the pixel electrodecoupled with the adjacent conductor line in this arrangement, theliquid-crystal display device has advantages of reducing the occurrenceof short circuits in the manufacturing process thereof and of anincrease in the aperture ratio thereof.

In accordance with the third invention, the conductor lines arepreferably connected to the pixel electrodes in a pattern which isperiodically repeated with a multiple of six pixel electrodes. This isbecause the number of colors employed for the delta pattern is “3” likein the first invention.

Like in the first invention, in the third invention, the conductor lineis preferably connected to the pixel electrode via an active element,and the active element is preferably fabricated of a thin-film diodehaving a conductor/insulator/conductor structure.

A fourth invention to achieve the above-described object relates toelectronic equipment incorporating the liquid-crystal display devicehaving sub-pixels respectively corresponding to three different colorsand arranged in a triangular configuration. A conductor line forapplying a voltage to these sub-pixels has uniform parasiticcapacitances thereof with the pixel electrodes of the sub-pixels. Theelectronic equipment thus presents a good display free from the streaknon-uniformity.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a plan view diagrammatically showing the wiring (type 5) tosub-pixels in a liquid-crystal display device of a first embodiment ofthe present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view showing the pattern of sub-pixels in theliquid-crystal display device.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the construction of theliquid-crystal display device.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the construction of theliquid-crystal display device.

FIG. 5 shows tables listing the degree of influence of a couplingcapacitor assessed in each row, between a data line and the pixelelectrode of a sub-pixel, on the sub-pixel in wirings.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of the pattern of sub-pixels in theliquid-crystal display device of a second embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the layout of an element substrate in theliquid-crystal display device of a third embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 8A is an enlarged view partially showing the layout of a singlepixel in the liquid-crystal display device.

FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line A—A in FIG. 8A.

FIG. 9 shows a manufacturing process of a TFD in the liquid-crystaldisplay device.

FIG. 10 shows a manufacturing process of the TFD in the liquid-crystaldisplay device.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the layout of an element substrate in theliquid-crystal display device of a fourth embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 12A is an enlarged view partially showing the layout of a singlepixel in the liquid-crystal display device.

FIG. 12B is an enlarged view partially showing the layout of a singlepixel in the liquid-crystal display device.

FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view showing the construction of apersonal computer, as an example of electronic equipment, in which theliquid-crystal display device of the embodiment of present invention isincorporated.

FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view showing the construction of apager, as an example of the electronic equipment, in which theliquid-crystal display device of the embodiment of present invention isincorporated.

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an RGB stripe pattern.

FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an RGB mosaic pattern.

FIG. 17 is a plan view showing an RGGB mosaic pattern.

FIG. 18 is a plan view showing an RGB delta pattern.

FIG. 19 is a plan view showing a wiring (type 1) in the RGB deltapattern.

FIG. 20 is a plan view showing a wiring (type 2) in the RGB deltapattern.

FIG. 21 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a drive signal inthe liquid-crystal display device.

FIG. 22 is a graph showing a VT curve for a white display (off) in asub-pixel for a particular color.

FIG. 23 is a graph showing a VT curve for a black display (on) in asub-pixel for a particular color.

FIG. 24 is a plan view showing a wiring (type 3) in the RGB deltapattern.

FIG. 25 is a plan view showing a wiring (type 4) in the RGB deltapattern.

BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The best modes for carrying out the present invention are now discussed,embodiment by embodiment, referring to the drawings.

First Embodiment

A liquid-crystal display device of a first embodiment of the presentinvention is now discussed, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4. FIG. 3 is aperspective view showing the construction of the liquid-crystal displaydevice of the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional viewshowing the construction of liquid-crystal display device.

As shown, a liquid-crystal display device 100 includes a pair oflight-transmissive substrates 200 and 300. The substrate 200 (elementsubstrate) is a substrate on which active elements are formed, and thesubstrate 300 is a substrate opposing the element substrate 200.

As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of data lines 212, a plurality of TFD220 connected to the data lines 212, and pixel electrodes 234 connectedto the TFD 220 in a one-to-one correspondence fashion, are formed on theinner surface of the element substrate 200, for instance throughphotolithographic technique. The data lines 212 (conductor line) extendperpendicular to a plane of the page as shown in FIG. 4, while TFD 220and the pixel electrodes 234 are arranged in a dot matrix. An alignmentlayer 214, which has been subjected to a single axis alignment process,such as a rubbing process, is formed on the surface of the pixelelectrodes 234.

A color filter 308 is formed on the inner surface of the opposingsubstrate 300, working as color layers for the three colors “R”, “G”,and “B”. A black matrix 309 is formed between the three-color layers toblock incident light through gaps between the color layers. An overcoatlayer 310 is deposited on the color filter 308 and the black matrix 309,and opposing electrodes 312, working as scanning lines, are furtherformed in a direction perpendicular to the data lines 212, on theovercoat layer 310. The overcoat layer 310 serves the purpose ofheightening the smoothness of the color filter 308 and the black matrix309, and preventing the opening of the opposing electrodes 312. Arrangedon the surface of the opposing electrodes 312 is an alignment layer 314,which has been subjected to a rubbing process. The alignment layers 214and 314 are typically fabricated of polyimide.

The element substrate 200 and the opposing substrate 300 are attachedtogether by a sealing material 104 with a constant gap maintainedtherebetween. A liquid crystal 105 is encapsulated into the gap betweenthe two substrates. A polarizer 317, having an optical axiscorresponding to the rubbing direction of the alignment layer 214, isglued onto the outer surface of the element substrate 200. Similarly, apolarizer 217, having an optical axis corresponding to the rubbingdirection of the alignment layer 314, is glued on the outer surface ofthe opposing substrate 300.

The liquid-crystal display device 100 implements the COG (chip on glass)technology. Liquid-crystal driving IC (driver) 250 is directly mountedon the element substrate 200. As a result, output terminals of theliquid-crystal driving IC 250 are respectively connected to the datalines 212. Similarly, a liquid-crystal driving IC 350 is directlymounted on the surface of the opposing substrate 300, and outputterminals of the liquid-crystal driving IC 350 are respectivelyconnected to the opposing electrodes 212 as the scanning lines.

Instead of the COG technology, other technology may be used to connectthe IC chip to the liquid-crystal display device. For instance, a TCP(Tape Carrier Package) having an IC chip bonded onto an FPC (FlexiblePrinted Circuit) may be electrically connected to the liquid-crystaldisplay device using the TAB (Tape Automated Boding) technology.Alternatively, the COB (Chip On Board) technology may be used to bond anIC chip to a hard board.

TFD 220 and the pixel electrodes 234 are arranged in a dot matrix on theinner surface of the element substrate 200 as shown in FIG. 1. The pixelelectrodes 234 are arranged to be shifted by 0.5 pitch every row(horizontal line). The opposing electrodes 312 formed on the innersurface of the opposing substrate 300 are positioned to face a row ofpixel electrodes 234 formed on the element substrate 200. One colorlayer of the color filter 308 formed on the opposing substrate 300 isarranged where the pixel electrode 234 and the opposing electrode 312are aligned with each other. A single sub-pixel is thus composed of apixel electrode 234, an opposing electrode 312, a liquid crystal 105encapsulated between the pixel electrode 234 and the opposing electrode312, and one color layer of the color filter 308.

Referring to FIG. 1, a label “R” for a pixel electrode 234 means thatthe color layer transmitting red light therethrough is arranged in thecolor filter 308 formed on the opposing substrate 300 facing the pixelelectrode 234. Similarly, “G” means that the color layer transmittinggreen light therethrough is arranged there, and “B” means that the colorlayer transmitting blue light therethrough is arranged there. In thisembodiment, the color layers for “R”, “G”, and “B” are arranged in atriangular configuration, namely, in the apexes of a delta. An RGB deltapattern thus results.

The type 5 shown in FIG. 1 is employed as a wiring pattern in thisembodiment. Specifically, a single data line 212 is connected to thepixel electrodes 234 of the sub-pixels for the three colors of “R”, “G”,and “B” in a predetermined order in a periodic pattern throughrespective TFD 220, while the pixel electrodes 234, commonly connectedto a single data line 212, are arranged to the same side of the dataline 212 (to the left of the data line 212 as shown in FIG. 1). Thisarrangement is consistent throughout all data lines 212. The distancebetween the pixel electrodes 234 of the sub-pixels and the data line 212on the left side of the pixel electrodes 234 in the present embodimentis maintained constant in every row as shown in FIG. 2. Specifically,let S3 represent the distance between the pixel electrode 234 and thedata line 212 when the data line 212 extends along one side of the pixelelectrode 234, let S2 represent the distance between the pixel electrode234 and the data line 212 when the data line 212 surrounds the pixelelectrode 234 in an L configuration, and let S1 represent the distancebetween the pixel electrode 234 and the data line 212 when the data line234 surrounds the pixel electrode 234 by half the outline thereof, andthe relationship S1=S2=S3 holds.

When the liquid-crystal driving ICs 250 and 350 operate in theliquid-crystal display device 100 thus constructed, an on voltage or anoff voltage is applied across the pixel electrode 234 and the opposingelectrode 312 in a selected sub-pixel, and the alignment state of theliquid crystal 105 is controlled by the applied voltage in eachsub-pixel. Particular color light being transmitted through eachsub-pixel is modulated in accordance with the alignment control. Animage of texts, numerals, and figures is thus presented in color.

With the color filter arranged in the RGB delta pattern, theliquid-crystal display device 100 presents a horizontal resolutionhigher than those obtained from the RGB stripe pattern, the RGB mosaicpattern, and the RGGB mosaic pattern. As a result, the liquid-crystaldisplay device 100 presents a liquid-crystal display having a highdefinition and a high image quality. Since the present embodimentemploys the wiring pattern in which a single data line 212 drives thesub-pixels for the three colors, the vertical cross-talk in the type 1wiring pattern (see FIG. 19) is controlled, and a degradation in theimage quality attributed thereto is avoided.

In the present invention, furthermore, any given sub-pixel is connectedto the data line 212 positioned to the right thereof, and each sub-pixelis coupled with only the data line 212 positioned to the left thereof.For this reason, when the sub-pixels for the same color at each areobserved, the colors of the sub-pixels driven by the data line 212coupled with the sub-pixels remain the same in each row. The effect ofthe cross-talk on the sub-pixel for each color is uniform throughout thesub-pixels, and an excellent display quality free from the streaknon-uniformity thus results.

Second Embodiment

In the above-referenced first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2,there are three cases of routing the data line 212 around the pixelelectrode 234, i.e., (1) the data line 212 extends along one side of thepixel electrode 234, (2) the data line 212 surrounds the pixel electrode234 in an L configuration, and (3) the data line 212 surrounds the pixelelectrode 234 by half the outline thereof.

In the case (3) in which the data line 212 surrounds the pixel electrode234 by half the outline thereof, the coupling capacitance between thedata line 212 and the pixel electrode 234 is large, and hence the effectof a variation in the potential of the data line 212 on the potential ofthe sub-pixel positioned to the right of the data line 212 is alsolarge. In the case (1) in which the data line 212 extends along one sideof the pixel electrode 234, the coupling capacitance between the dataline 212 and the pixel electrode 234 is small, and hence the effect of avariation in the potential of the data line 212 on the potential of thesub-pixel positioned to the right of the data line 212 is also small.Since the effect of the variation in the potential of the data line 212on the potential of the sub-pixel becomes different depending on theconfiguration of the data line 212 that surrounds the pixel electrode234, the display quality is subject to degradation if the relationshipof S1=S2=S3 is maintained.

To avoid this problem, a second embodiment of the present invention setsthe relationship of S1, S2, and S3 to be S1>S2>S3 as shown in FIG. 6.Specifically, the distance S3 is set to be small in the case (1) inwhich the data line 212 surrounds the pixel electrode 234 by half theoutline thereof, the distance S1 is set to be large in the case (3) inwhich the data line 212 extends along one side of the pixel electrode234, and the distance S2 is set to be intermediate therebetween in thecase (2) in which the data line 212 surrounds the pixel electrode 234 inan L configuration.

This arrangement equalizes in each row the parasitic capacitancescreated between the pixel electrodes 234 and the data lines 212positioned to the left thereof, thereby preventing the display qualityfrom being varied depending on the difference in the parasiticcapacitances. The same advantage is achieved if the line width of thesurrounding data line 212 is thinned as the length of a portion of thedata line 212 extending along the data line 212 becomes long.

Third Embodiment

The liquid-crystal display device of a third embodiment of the presentinvention is now discussed. The liquid-crystal display device of thethird embodiment remains unchanged from the first embodiment in theconstruction shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but is different therefrom in thelayout of the element substrate 200. The following discussion focuses onthe difference therebetween. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the layout ofthe element substrate 200 in the liquid-crystal display device.

The pixel electrodes for “R”, “G”, and “B” are arranged in an RGB deltapattern like in the first embodiment as shown. The pixel electrodes 234in an A row are shifted from the pixel electrodes 234 in a B row by 0.5pitch in the direction of rows (in the X direction as shown).

A single data line 212 x is routed from the R sub-pixel in the A row tothe R sub-pixel in the D row downwardly and leftwardly, and then isrouted to the R sub-pixel in another A row downwardly and rightwardly asshown. The data line 212 x thus extends across the A row through the Frow in the direction of columns in a pattern which is repeatedly foldedwith a period of six pixels. The data line 212 x is thus commonly sharedby a single column of the pixel electrodes 234, if viewedmacroscopically. The data line 212X thus surrounds each of the pixelelectrodes 234, and is connected to the pixel electrodes 234 throughrespective TFD 220.

Now discussed is one sub-pixel connected to the data line 212 x in the Brow or C row. FIG. 8A is a plan view showing the layout of the onesub-pixel, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line A—A inFIG. 8A. As shown, TFD 220 is composed of a first TFD 220 a and a secondTFD 220 b, and includes a element substrate 200, an insulator 201deposited on the element substrate 200, a first metallic layer 222, anoxide layer 224, as an insulator, which is formed by anodizing thesurface of the first metallic layer 222, and mutually separated, secondmetallic layers 226 a and 226 b formed on the oxide layer 224. Thesecond metallic layer 226 a serves as a data line 212 x, while thesecond metallic layer 226 b is connected to the pixel electrode 234.

The first TFD 220 a is fabricated of the second metallic layer 226 a/theoxide layer 224/the first metallic layer 222, if viewed from the side ofthe data line 212 x, and is provided with diode switchingcharacteristics with the sandwich metal/insulator/metal structurethereof. On the other hand, the second TFD 220 b is fabricated of thefirst metallic layer 222/the oxide layer 224/the second metallic layer226 b, if viewed from the side of the data line 212 x, and has diodeswitching characteristics opposite from those of the first TFD 220 a.Since the two diodes are here connected in series in mutually oppositedirections, the non-linear current-voltage characteristics thereof aremade symmetrical with respect to the positive-negative direction.

Although data line 212 x includes the first metallic layer 222, theoxide layer 224, and the second metallic layer 226 a in the crosssection thereof, the data line 212 x does not function as a TFD becausethe top second metallic layer 226 a only is connected to the data line212 x.

The substrate 200 itself has insulation and transparency, and istypically formed of glass or plastic. The insulator 201 is arranged sothat the first metallic layer 222 is not peeled off the substratethrough the heat treatment thereof prior to the deposition of the firstmetallic layer 222 and so that no impurities diffuse into the firstmetallic layer 222 through the heat treat. If these are not concerns,the insulator 201 is dispensed with. When the pixel electrodes 234 areused as a transmissive type, the pixel electrodes 234 are fabricated ofa transparent electrically conductive layer such as an ITO (Indium TinOxide) film, and when the pixel electrodes 234 are used as a reflectivetype, the pixel electrodes 234 are fabricated of a metallic layer, suchas of aluminum or silver, having a large reflectance.

The above discussion of the sub-pixel in the B row or the C row is alsotrue of the sub-pixels in the E row and the F row, except that theportion of data line 212 x surrounding the sub-pixel becomessymmetrical, and is also true of the sub-pixels in the A row and the Drow except that the upper half or the lower half of the portion of thedata line 212 surrounding the sub-pixel is symmetrical.

The manufacturing process of the element substrate 200 is now discussed,focusing on TFD 220. Referring to FIG. 9(1), the insulator 201 isdeposited on the substrate 200. The insulator 201 is fabricated oftantalum oxide, for instance, and is deposited using a method ofthermally oxidizing a tantalum film deposited through sputteringtechnique or sputtering or cosputtering technique using a target made oftantalum oxide. Since the insulator 201 is arranged chiefly to improvethe bond of the first metallic layer 222 and to prevent impuritydiffusion from the substrate 200, as already discussed, the thicknessthereof within a range of 50 to 200 nm is sufficient.

Referring to FIG. 9(2), the first metallic layer 222 is deposited on theinsulator 201. The composition of the first metallic layer 222 istantalum alone, or a tantalum-based alloy. When the tantalum-based alloyis used, tantalum, as main component, is added with one of the elementsbelonging to group VI through group VIII, such as tungsten, chromium,molybdenum, rhenium, yttrium, lanthanum, or dysprosium. An element to beadded is preferably tungsten, and the content thereof is preferablywithin a range of 0.1 to 6 weight percent.

The first metallic layer 222 can be formed using the sputteringtechnique or electron-beam deposition. To form the first metallic layer222 made of the tantalum alloy, the sputtering technique usingcombination targets, cosputtering technique or electron-beam depositionmay be used. The thickness of the first metallic layer 222 isappropriately set in view of the application of TFD 220, and istypically within a range of 100 to 500 nm.

Referring to FIG. 9(3), the first metallic layer 222 is patterned usingtypical photolithographic and etching technique.

In succession, referring to FIG. 9(4), the oxide layer 224 is depositedon the first metallic layer 222. Specifically, the surface of the firstmetallic layer 222 is anodized for oxidization. At the same time, theportion of the first metallic layer 222 serving as the underlayer forthe data line 212 x is also oxidized, forming the oxide layer 224. Thethickness of the oxide layer 224 is appropriately set in view of theapplication thereof, and may be within a range of 10 to 35 nm, forinstance, and is half as thick as that in the case in which a single TFDis employed in one pixel. A solution employed in the anodization is notlimited to a particular one, but a citrate solution having aconcentration of 0.01 to 0.1 weight percent may be used.

Referring to FIG. 9(5), the second metallic layer 226 is deposited. Thesecond metallic layer 226 may be made of chromium, aluminum, titanium,or molybdenum, and is deposited through the sputtering technique. Thethickness of the second metallic layer 226 is within a range of 50 to300 nm, for instance.

Referring to FIG. 10(6), the second metallic layer 226 is patternedusing typical photolithographic and etching technique. In this way, thefirst and second metallic layers 226 a and 226 b in the first and secondTFDs are formed to be separate, and the top layer of the data line 212 xis covered with the second metallic layer 226.

Referring to FIG. 10(7), an electrically conductive layer to become thepixel electrode 234 is deposited. ITO is best suited for theelectrically conductive layer in the transmissive type liquid-crystaldisplay device, and aluminum is best suited in the reflective typeliquid-crystal display device. In both cases, the electricallyconductive layer is deposited to a thickness of 30 to 200 nm using thesputtering technique.

Referring to FIG. 10(8), the electrically conductive layer is patternedusing typical photolithographic and etching technique to form the pixelelectrodes 234.

Referring to FIG. 10(9), a portion 229 of the oxide layer 224 shown indotted lines and branched from the data line 212 x and the firstmetallic layer 222 serving as the underlayer therefor are togetherremoved using typical photolithographic and etching technique. In thisway, the first metallic layer 222, shared by the first and second TFDs,is electrically isolated from the first metallic layer 222 which is thebottom layer of the data line 212 x.

Through the manufacturing process, TFD 200, composed of the first TFD220 a and the second TFD 220 b, is formed on the substrate 200 alongwith the pixel electrode 234 in a delta pattern.

The manufacturing process of the TFD is not limited to the order of thesteps described above. For instance, the first metallic layer 222 isseparated from the data line 212 x in the step shown in FIG. 10(9),immediately subsequent to the formation of the oxide layer 224 on thefirst metallic layer 222 in the step shown in FIG. 9(4), and the stepshown in FIG. 9(5) and steps shown in FIG. 10(6) through FIG. 10(8) arethen performed.

The element substrate 200 thus constructed is attached to the opposingsubstrate 300 which has the opposing electrodes (scanning lines)extending in the direction of rows and in alignment with the pixelelectrodes 234, and the color filter having the color layersrespectively corresponding to the pixel electrodes 234. The elementsubstrate 200 and the opposing substrate 300 are glued together using asealing material with a gap (space) maintained therebetween. A TN(Twisted Nematic) type liquid crystal, for instance, is encapsulatedinto this closed space to complete the liquid-crystal display device.

Since the pixel electrode 234 connected to the data line 212 x issurrounded by the data line 212 x itself in the liquid-crystal displaydevice of the third embodiment, the influence of the adjacent data line212(x−1) or 212(x+1) is eliminated. In other words, only the coupling ofthe pixel electrode 234 with its own data line 212 x is a problem. Thesame is true of the adjacent data lines 212(x−1) and 212(x+1). Since theliquid-crystal display device has equal parasitic capacitances of thesub-pixels positioned in the A through F rows, a uniform display imagequality results.

Fourth Embodiment

The liquid-crystal display device of a fourth embodiment of the presentinvention is now discussed.

Since the pixel electrode 234 is surrounded by its own data lineconnected thereto in the third embodiment, the coupling capacitance withthe adjacent data lines is not a problem. The third embodiment isexcellent from the standpoint of providing a uniform display image.Referring to FIG. 8A, however, two data lines, i.e., a line L1 for thedata line 212 x and a line L2 of the data line 212(x+1) adjacentthereto, are arranged between two adjacent pixel electrodes 234, leadingto problems that the possibility of shorts becomes high in theabove-discussed patterning step of the first metallic layer 222 and inthe patterning step of the second metallic layer 226, and that theentire display screen becomes dark as a result of a drop in the ratio ofoccupation by the pixel electrode 234 (aperture ratio).

Now discussed here is the fourth embodiment which equalizes theparasitic capacitances of the pixel electrodes in each row and isfurther free from the problems of shorts and aperture ratio associatedwith the third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the layout of the element substrate 200in the liquid-crystal display device. As shown, the fourth embodiment isidentical to the first and third embodiment in that the pixel electrodes234 for “R”, “G”, and “B” are arranged in an RGB delta pattern. Thefourth embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that thepixel electrode is surrounded by the same width data line along thethree sides thereof other than the side facing the adjacent data line,rather than all sides thereof.

Now discussed is one sub-pixel connected to the data line 212 x in the Brow or C row. FIG. 12A is a plan view showing the layout of the onesub-pixel.

As shown, the line L1 and area M1 are removed in the one sub-pixel inthe second embodiment in FIG. 8A, and the pixel electrode 234 extends towhere the line L1 was there as shown by an arrow. Since an adjacent dataline (line L2) only is arranged between adjacent pixel electrodes 234,the possibility of shorts in the patterning step is reduced.

With the spacing between the sub-pixels maintained, the area of thepixel electrode 234 increases, thereby increasing the aperture ratio.

The elimination of the area M1 does not directly lead to the preventionof shorts and the increase in the aperture ratio. If the area M1 is noteliminated, the width of the data line 212 surrounding the pixelelectrode 234 fails to become consistently uniform. The area M1 for thesub-pixel in the B row or the C row as shown in FIG. 12A and the area M1for the sub-pixel in the D row as shown in FIG. 12B become differentfrom each other. The parasitic capacitances become different from row torow. For this reason, the area M1 is eliminated.

In this arrangement, the pixel electrode 234 in each row is surroundedby the data line having the same width, and the remaining one side onlyis coupled with an adjacent data line. The parasitic capacitances arethus equalized. The liquid-crystal display device of the fourthembodiment present a uniform display image while preventing shorts and adrop in the aperture ratio.

In the liquid-crystal display devices of the third and fourthembodiments, TFD 220 is connected to the data line. The same advantagesare achieved even if TFD 220 is connected to the scanning line.

In the liquid-crystal display devices of the third and fourthembodiments, TFD 220 is composed of the first TFD 220 a and the secondTFD 220 b connected in opposite directions in series. Alternatively, asingle TFD works.

In the liquid-crystal display devices of the above-referencedembodiments, the second metallic layer 226 and the pixel electrode 234are fabricated of different metal films. Alternatively, the secondmetallic layer and the pixel electrode may be fabricated of the sameelectrically conductive material, such as ITO film or aluminum film.Such an arrangement permits the second metallic layer 226 and the pixelelectrode 234 to be produced in the same manufacturing step.

In the liquid-crystal display devices of the first through fourthembodiments, the data line 212 is routed in a pattern that is repeatedlyfolded with a period of six sub-pixels. The pattern may be repeatedlyfolded with a period of multiple of six sub-pixels, for instance, 12sub-pixels, 18 sub-pixels, . . . If the number of sub-pixels per oneperiod is too many in the folded pattern, however, the overextension ofthe data line at the edge of the display area disadvantageously becomeslarge.

Besides TFD 220, a three-terminal element such as TFT may be used forthe active element. The order of the colors presented by the sub-pixelsis not limited to the one described in connection with the embodiments.It is sufficient if the colors are cycled through with a period ofmultiple of six in each line.

Electronic Equipment

Electronic equipment incorporating the liquid-crystal display device ofone of the above-referenced embodiments is now discussed.

Mobile Computer

A mobile computer incorporating the liquid-crystal display device is nowdiscussed. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the construction of themobile computer. As shown, the mobile computer 1200 includes a keyboard1233 having a plurality of keys 1232, a cover 1234 openable in thedirections shown by arrows A with respect to the keyboard 1233, and aliquid-crystal display device 100 embedded in the cover 1234. Theliquid-crystal display device 100 is the liquid-crystal display deviceshown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 with a back light and other accessoriesattached thereto.

The keyboard 1233 houses therewithin a control unit including a CPU(Central Processing Unit) for performing a diversity of computations forcarrying out functions required of the mobile computer. The control unitperforms computations to present a required image on the liquid-crystaldisplay device 100.

With the liquid-crystal display device 100 in accordance with one of theabove embodiments incorporating in the display unit thereof, the mobilecomputer 1200 presents a liquid-crystal display having a high definitionand a high image quality, and avoids a drop in the display qualityattributed to the vertical cross-talk and the horizontal cross-talk.

Pager

A pager incorporating the liquid-crystal display device is nowdiscussed. FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view showing theconstruction of the pager. As shown, the pager 1300 houses, within ametallic frame 1302, a liquid-crystal display device 100 together with alight guide 1306 including a back light 1306 a, a printed board 1308,and first and second shield plates 1310 and 1312. To connect theliquid-crystal display device 100 to the printed board 1308, a film tape1314 is used for the connection of the element substrate 200 and a filmtape 1318 is used for the connection of the opposing substrate 300.

Besides the electronic equipment shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, examplesof the electronic equipment may be a liquid-crystal display television,viewfinder type, direct-monitor viewing type video tape recorder, carnavigation system, electronic pocketbook, electronic calculator,wordprocessor, workstation, portable telephone, video phone, POSterminal, and apparatus having a touch panel. The liquid-crystal displaydevices of the above embodiments may be incorporated in these pieces ofelectronic equipment.

The present invention is not limited to the above-referencedembodiments, and a variety of modifications is possible within the scopeof the present invention as specified by the claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A liquid-crystal display device havingsub-pixels, respectively corresponding to three different colors andarranged in a triangular configuration, characterized in that aconductor line for applying a voltage to the sub-pixels is connected topixel electrodes of the sub-pixels respectively corresponding to thethree colors in a fixed order, in a cyclic pattern, and pixel electrodescommonly connected to a single conductor line are arranged on the sameside of the conductor line, wherein the conductor line is connected tothe pixel electrodes in a pattern having a cycle of a multiple of sixpixel electrodes, a pattern of the colors corresponding to thesub-pixels has a cycle of a multiple of six, and the conductor line isspaced apart from each pixel electrode by pre-selected distances, thedistance from at least one pixel electrode is longer than the distanceform the other pixel electrodes.
 2. A liquid-crystal display deviceaccording to claim 1 wherein the conductor line is a data line beingspaced apart from each pixel electrode by one of a plurality ofpre-selected distances, each pre-selected distance corresponding to alength of the data line extending along each pixel electrode.
 3. Aliquid-crystal display device according to claim 1, characterized inthat the conductor line is connected to each pixel electrode through anactive element.
 4. A liquid-crystal display device according to claim 3,characterized in that the active element is a thin-film diode having aconductor/insulator/conductor structure.
 5. Electronic equipmentcomprising a liquid-crystal display device having sub-pixels,respectively corresponding to three different colors and arranged in atriangular configuration, characterized in that a conductor line forapplying a voltage to the sub-pixels is connected to pixel electrodes ofthe sub-pixels respectively corresponding to the three colors in a fixedorder in a periodic pattern, and pixel electrodes commonly connected toa single conductor line are arranged on the same side of the conductorline, wherein the conductor line is connected to the pixel electrodes ina pattern having a period of a multiple of six pixel electrodes, whereina pattern of the colors corresponding to the sub-pixels has a period ofa multiple of six.
 6. A liquid-crystal display device according to claim1 wherein the conductor line is formed so that parasitic capacitancesthereof with the pixel electrodes of the sub-pixels are equalized amongthe sub-pixels.
 7. Electronic equipment comprising a liquid-crystaldisplay device according to claim 5 wherein the conductor line is formedso that parasitic capacitances thereof with the pixel electrodes of thesub-pixels are equalized among the sub-pixels.
 8. A liquid-crystaldisplay device according to claim 2, wherein said plurality ofpre-selected distances further comprise: a shortest distance for pixelelectrodes bordered only along one side by the data line; anintermediate distance for pixel electrodes bordered only along twoadjacent sides by the data line; and a longest distance for pixelelectrodes bordered along three adjacent sides by the data line.